WHAT IS DOWN SYNDROME?

Down syndrome is the most commonly occurring chromosomal condition.

One in every 733 is born with Down syndrome.

Down syndrome occurs when an individual has three,

rather than two, copies of the 21^stchromosome.

This additional genetic material alters the course of development

and causes the characteristics associated with Down syndrome.

In 1866, English physician, John Langdon Down,

published an accurate description of a person with Down syndrome.

Many others had recognized the characteristics of the syndrome,

but it was Down who described the condition as a separate entity.

This earned him the recognition as the “father” of the syndrome

and thus the name Down syndrome.

In 1959, the French physician, Jerome Lejeune, identified Down syndrome

as a chromosomal anomaly when he observed 47 chromosomes present

in each cell of individuals with Down syndrome instead of the usual 46.

A few of the common physical traits of Down syndrome are low muscle tone,

small stature, an upward slant to the eyes, and a single deep crease across the center of  the palm.

Every person with Down syndrome is a unique individual

and may possess these characteristics to different degrees or not al all.

All people with Down syndrome experience cognitive delays, but the effect is usually mild to moderate

and is not indicative of the many strengths and talents that each individual possesses. Quality educational programs,

a stimulating home environment, good health care, and positive support from family, friends

and the community enable people with Down syndrome to develop their full potential and lead fulfilling lives.

People with Down syndrome attend school, work, participate in decisions that affect them,

and contribute to society in many wonderful ways.

For more information: www.ndss.org